Peptides exhibit high potency, low toxicity, high selectivity, and low immunogenicity compared to small molecules and antibodies. They are widely used in:

· Metabolic disorders: Insulin, GLP-1 agonists (semaglutide, tirzepatide) for diabetes and obesity.

· Regenerative medicine: BPC-157, TB-500, GHK-Cu for tissue repair, wound healing, and anti-inflammation.

· Neurology: Semax, Selank for neuroprotection, cognitive enhancement, and anxiety relief.

· Oncology: Targeted peptides, peptide-drug conjugates (PDC) for precise cancer therapy.

· Anti-infection: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against drug-resistant bacteria.